Start with the category (the “why you qualify”)

• Family-based: close family relationships (rules vary by relationship type).
• Employment-based: sponsorship through a U.S. employer (multiple subcategories).
• Investment / business: certain options exist, but requirements are strict and evidence-heavy.
• Other special categories: less common, case-specific.

Typical step-by-step (high level)

1. Confirm the category with a licensed professional or employer counsel.
2. Collect evidence (job history, credentials, relationship docs, etc.).
3. File the petition (the “qualifying” part of the process).
4. Wait + respond to any requests for evidence (RFE) if issued.
5. Final step: adjust status inside the U.S. or consular processing abroad (depends on your case).
6. After approval: maintain records, follow residency rules, update address when required.

Timelines vary significantly. Build plans in seasons/quarters, not weeks.

Documents to start gathering now

• Passports + travel history notes
• Birth/marriage certificates (and certified translations if needed)
• Education credentials, licenses, reference letters
• Employment letters, pay history, role descriptions
• Proof of address history (leases, utility bills)

Common friction points

• Misaligned job descriptions vs requirements.
• Weak evidence bundles (no clear narrative).
• Assuming one status automatically leads to a green card.
• Changing employers/roles mid-process without guidance.

What to ask your lawyer or employer counsel

• Which category fits me best and why?
• What’s the realistic timeline range?
• What risks should I avoid during the process?
• What documents will be hardest to obtain later?

Official starting point

Use USCIS for current forms and explanations:

• USCIS — Green Card