Toolkit

Status & work authorization options (TN, L-1, H-1B, E-2, O-1)

Guidance-oriented planning notes for Canadians moving to the U.S. (not legal, tax, or insurance advice).

Status & work authorization options

A guidance-oriented overview of common pathways Canadians use (verify details with official sources).

Fast triage (pick a lane)

  • Employer job offer? TN / H‑1B / sometimes O‑1
  • Transferring within your company? L‑1
  • Starting or buying a business you will run? E‑2
Guidance

Your best next step is to narrow to 1–2 realistic options, then collect documents that prove the story fits the category.

Real questions about status & work authorization

  • “Which option is fastest?” “Fast” depends on eligibility — many delays come from documents and employer readiness, not just processing time.
  • “Can I job-hunt while visiting?” You can network and interview, but working requires the correct authorization.
  • “What trips people up?” Assuming an employer will “figure it out” later. It helps to understand what the employer needs to do.
  • “What should I prepare?” Clear resume, proof of education/experience, and a simple story of what you’ll do and where you’ll live.

TN (USMCA) — when you fit the professional list

  • Good for: certain professional roles with a U.S. job offer.
  • Watch for: job duties must match the TN profession; credentials matter.
  • Prepare: offer letter, degree/licensing proof, and a concise duties-to-category explanation.

Official reference: USCIS TN Professionals

L‑1 — intracompany transfer

  • Good for: managers/executives (L‑1A) or specialized knowledge roles (L‑1B).
  • Watch for: evidence of real company operations and role history.
  • Prepare: org charts, payroll history, role descriptions, corporate docs.

Official reference: USCIS temporary workers

H‑1B — specialty occupation (timing matters)

  • Good for: degree-required roles with a sponsoring employer.
  • Watch for: cap/lottery timing for many employers; paperwork requirements.
  • Prepare: degree proof, detailed job description, employer support package.

Official reference: USCIS H‑1B

E‑2 — treaty investor (active business)

  • Good for: entrepreneurs investing in and directing a real U.S. business.
  • Watch for: “at-risk” investment + credible business plan + active operation.
  • Prepare: business plan, bank/transfer evidence, contracts/leases, hiring plan.

Official reference: State Dept treaty categories

O‑1 — extraordinary ability (evidence-heavy)

  • Good for: people with sustained recognition in their field.
  • Watch for: weak evidence bundles and vague recommendation letters.
  • Prepare: awards/press, metrics, leadership proof, reference letters, portfolio.

Official reference: USCIS O‑1

Your next steps (simple 5-part plan)

  1. Pick your top 2 options.
  2. Write your “10-line story” (role, employer/business, city, start date).
  3. Build a document binder (credentials, letters, proof).
  4. Confirm timeline with employer/lawyer.
  5. Don’t book non-refundable moving costs until the plan is confirmed.

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